Initial Hyperchains Discussion: Public/Private, Scalable PoS Child-Chains (sidechains)

With @Arthur and @dimitar.chain we had more detailed discussion regarding hyperchain concept, and we would like to summarise it here.

Child chain - PoS child blockchains, where:

  1. Child chain is parameterised blockchain, defined by its creator.
  2. There are delegates and regular accounts. Delegate is a candidate leader. As @dimitar.chain suggested in his post, in the init version, X topmost accounts with the highest balances can be counted as delegates. And delegates are the only ones, who can candidate for becoming a new block leader.
  3. In order for a delegate to participate in an election of the next leader, he will have to make a commitment transaction, to the parent chain. By doing so, the tokens of given candidate will be locked.
  4. All accounts in child chain should be able to delegate their power to delegates(but the concept of delegating is not yet discussed).
  5. All the delegates create the leader pool - after a round of commits, the delegate should be selected randomly, as the bigger stake the one has - the greater are his chances of becoming a next leader.
  6. Once the leader is selected, he starts creating microblocks. From the child chain txs pool, starts picking up valid txs and putting them in microblocks.
  7. Governance constants should be defined by the creator of the child chain.
  8. Once a miner in parent chain mined a new keyblock, the child chain should initiate a new child chain leader election.(Quite unclear here, should be more discussed).
  9. In order to be elected, a potential child chain leader will have to create a new keyblock, hash it and make a commitment to the parent chain, which will contain the next block hash in the transaction(Also is under discussion and unclear statement).
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